Denier

A traditional unit of linear density equal to the mass in grams of nine thousand metres of fibre or yarn, still widely used for synthetic textile fibres such as polyester and aramid. It appears alongside the metric tex system in reinforcement specifications, one tex being equal to nine denier.

Also known as: den

Related terms

Tex

The metric unit of linear density for fibres, strands and yarns, defined as the mass in grams of one kilometre of the product. Glass rovings and yarns are specified by tex, with higher values indicating heavier strands.

Reinforcements & fibresMaterials science (general)AerospaceAutomotiveConstructionMarineGreen energyIndustrial

Aramid fibre

A synthetic fibre spun from aromatic polyamide, best known in its para-aramid form. It combines high tensile strength and toughness with excellent impact and abrasion resistance, though it is sensitive to ultraviolet light, absorbs moisture and is notoriously difficult to cut and machine. It is widely used in ballistic protection, ropes and hybrid composite laminates.

Reinforcements & fibresComposites & laminatesMaterials science (general)AerospaceAutomotiveConstructionMarineIndustrial

Roving

A bundle of parallel, untwisted glass fibre strands wound onto a cylindrical package. Direct rovings feed processes such as filament winding, pultrusion and weaving, while assembled (multi end) rovings are designed for chopping in spray up; rovings are specified by tex and by sizing type.

Reinforcements & fibresComposites & laminatesManufacturing processesAutomotiveConstructionMarineGreen energyIndustrial

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